Medical Physics Research Today is a free monthly online journal that collates and summarizes the latest research about Medical Physics, including details on medicine, radiotherapy, biomechanics, medical imaging. | ||||||
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Tissue-specific regulatory network extractor (TS-REX): a database and software resource for the tissue and cell type-specific investigation of transcription factor-gene networks.Colecchia F, Kottwitz D, Wagner M, Pfenninger CV, Thiel G, Tamm I, Peterson C, Nuber UA Lund Strategic Research Center for Stem Cell Biology, Lund University, Computational Biology and Biological Physics, Lund University, Sweden, Department of Hematology and Oncology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow, Berlin, Germany, University of Saarland Medical Center, Homburg, Germany and Department of Oncology, University Hospital, Lund, Sweden. The prediction of transcription factor binding sites in genomic sequences is in principle very useful to identify upstream regulatory factors. However, when applying this concept to genomes of multicellular organisms such as mammals, one has to deal with a large number of false positive predictions since many transcription factor genes are only expressed in specific tissues or cell types. We developed TS-REX, a database/software system that supports the analysis of tissue and cell type-specific transcription factor-gene networks based on expressed sequence tag abundance of transcription factor-encoding genes in UniGene EST libraries. The use of expression levels of transcription factor-encoding genes according to hierarchical anatomical classifications covering different tissues and cell types makes it possible to filter out irrelevant binding site predictions and to identify candidates of potential functional importance for further experimental testing. TS-REX covers ESTs from H. sapiens and M. musculus, and allows the characterization of both presence and specificity of transcription factors in user-specified tissues or cell types. The software allows users to interactively visualize transcription factor-gene networks, as well as to export data for further processing. TS-REX was applied to predict regulators of Polycomb group genes in six human tumor tissues and in human embryonic stem cells. Published 23 June 2009 in Nucleic Acids Res, 37(11): e82. Articles on Medical Physics published 22 June 2009: Predictive models of toxicity in external radiotherapy: dosimetric issues. Cancer, 115: 3135-3140. Dose-volume modeling of late and acute toxicity in radiotherapy for prostate cancer is a rapidly evolving field of investigation. The availability of individual, 3-dimensional dose distribution and dose-volume histograms (DVHs) permits the quantitative assessment of dose-volume relations for specific endpoints by investigating the correlation between individual dose-volume data and clinical outcomes. These studies often entail a huge effort in collecting data from large populations that have ... [Abstract] [Full-text] The effect of inflation length on lung aeration pattern, tidal volumes and functional residual capacity (FRC) immediately after birth was investigated. Preterm rabbits (28 days), randomized into 4 groups, received a 1, 5, 10, or 20 sec inflation (SI) followed by ventilation with 5 cmH2O end-expiratory pressure. Gas volumes were measured by plethysmography and uniformity of lung aeration by phase contrast X-ray imaging for 7 minutes. The first inspiratory volume significantly (p <0.001) ... [Abstract] [Full-text] Stimulation of Coronary Collateral Growth by Granulocyte Stimulating Factor. Role of Reactive Oxygen Species. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine whether G-CSF promotes coronary collateral growth (CCG) and decipher the mechanism for this stimulation. METHODS AND RESULTS: In a rat model of repetitive episodic myocardial ischemia (RI, 40 seconds LAD occlusion every 20 minutes for 2 hours and 20 minutes, 3 times/d for 5 days) CCG was deduced from collateral-dependent flow (flow to LAD region during occlusion). After RI, G-CSF (100 microg/kg/d) increased CCG (P<0.01) (0.47+/-0.15) ... [Abstract] [Full-text] The importance of AIF ROI selection in DCE-MRI renography: Reproducibility and variability of renal perfusion and filtration. Eur J Radiol. PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to investigate (a) the effect the choice of the region of interest (ROI) defining the aortic input function (AIF) has on the estimation of renal perfusion and filtration in dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) renography, and (b) the reproducibility of these parameters. Using renal DCE-MRI and a three-compartment model analysis, this work evaluated the effect two different AIFs, derived from variable sized ROIs in the aorta, has on ... [Abstract] [Full-text] Medical radioisotopes in the environment - following the pathway from patient to river sediment. J Environ Radioact. Motivated by the detection of (131)I in river sediment in routine long-term surveillance samples, a systematic short-term study of the wastewater treatment chain was planned and conducted. Inflow, effluent and primary sludge were collected on a daily basis during two weeks at a regional wastewater treatment plant. Samples were investigated by gamma spectroscopy. Four medically used isotopes could be identified ((131)I and (99m)Tc regularly, (153)Sm and (123)I sporadically). The concentration ... [Abstract] [Full-text] A Dual-Phantom System for Validation of Velocity Measurements in Stenosis Models Under Steady Flow. Ultrasound Med Biol. A dual-phantom system is developed for validation of velocity measurements in stenosis models. Pairs of phantoms with identical geometry and flow conditions are manufactured, one for ultrasound and one for particle image velocimetry (PIV). The PIV model is made from silicone rubber, and a new PIV fluid is made that matches the refractive index of 1.41 of silicone. Dynamic scaling was performed to correct for the increased viscosity of the PIV fluid compared with that of the ultrasound blood ... [Abstract] [Full-text] Correlation between Pre- and Postimplant Dosimetry for Iodine-125 Seed Implants for Localized Prostate Cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. PURPOSE: In order to evaluate implant quality for permanent prostate brachytherapy in patients with localized prostate cancer, American Brachytherapy Society and ESTRO guidelines recommend that postimplant dosimetry should be performed. To understand more about the relationship between pre- and postimplant dosimetry, a comparison was made of patients who received iodine-125 ((125)I) brachytherapy between March 1995 and the end of 2004, using a preplan technique. METHODS AND MATERIALS: CT ... [Abstract] [Full-text] Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy: Planning and Evaluation for Prostate Cancer Cases. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. PURPOSE: To develop an optimization method using volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) and evaluate VMAT plans relative to the standard intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) approach in prostate cancer. METHODS AND MATERIALS: A single gantry rotation was modeled using 177 equispaced beams. Multileaf collimator apertures and dose rates were optimized with respect to gantry angle subject to dose-volume-based objectives. Our VMAT implementation used conjugate gradient descent to optimize dose ... [Abstract] [Full-text] © 2005-2009 Medical Physics Research Today. All Rights Reserved. |
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